1990 – The Rise Of The Breakbeat

It was a whirlwind year for the underground UK rave scene. Music was pouring into the country’s record shops on import, and this meant there was a heady mix of Italo house, American house and garage, Belgian new beat and techno and of course, everything UK producers were coming up with at the same time. 

This mix of material in the shops was obviously reflected in the raves and it was perfectly normal for most DJs to play all of those styles in a single set, and pack out dancefloors. It was the year of UK RAVE, a bubbling mixture of everything the year had to offer.

But as the year progressed, British producers started to define the UK hardcore breakbeat sound and moving into 1991, there was enough material for DJs to play sets that were almost exclusively breakbeat led (though many still chose a lot of the incredible music coming from across the channel). 

This is just a snapshot of the first 12 months of this scene defining decade, and this is mostly a focus on breakbeat tracks (because ultimately we’re trying to chart the history of jungle and drum and bass) and NOT the other incredible music that was also on heavy rotation that year. 

The UK and Europe had a strong techno game in 1990 and there’s no way we would have missed this out of the equation, so you can check what else was going on in ’91 in our other drop down sections, as well as the stylistic offshoots mentioned above. 

1.Fabio and Grooverider - Rage

The history and influence of these two ultra important DJs is difficult to quantify. This cut from 1990 was more house and techno than breakbeat, but we’ve included it purely as a mark of respect. Imagine drum and bass without these two. Exactly. You can’t. The first and foremost authorities in the music we call home.

2.Frankie Bones - Bonesbreaks Vol 5 - Janet's Revenge

There are a few differing opinions about the first track to use the Winstons Amen, Brother break. Some of them state that NYC born Frankie Bones was the first to frame it in a dancefloor setting, and we’d say there’s a massive chance they could be right. Holy Noise seems to be another popular choice, and you can hear that in our 1990 Belgian Techno section. 

As release date information is so scarce, it’s never going to be easy to make an exact judegment call on the topic, but rest assured, as stated previously in our 1989 section, Frankie Bones was an ABSOLUTE GAME CHANGER and PROBABLY THE MOST INFLUENTIAL producer to feed their ideas into the UK rave scene in its infancy. Our research is telling us he was the one!

3.Psychotropic – Hypnosis

This undisputed rocker was absolutely inescapable during 1990 and after just a few fleeting moments with it you can see why. Pure bliss on vinyl. Beautiful.

4.The Ragga Twins - Spliffhead

Wow. Both Shut Up And Dance records and The Ragga Twins were at the absolute forefront of the movement during the infancy years and when you listen to the blend of beats and vocals on this, you surely have one of the very first jungle tunes, EVER.

 The Ragga Twins were already 5 years deep into recording as credible artists by this point and it shows. This coupled with SUAD’s completely unique and instantly recognisable sound bought something to the rave that NOBODY else was bringing. The fact that these incredible MCs are still touring the Globe says it all. PIONEER BUSINESS.

5.Lost - The Gonzo

Yikes. Deep, dark, scary breakbeat music. Imagine this being dropped at 4AM in 1990. Totally kick ass in every way. The flip ain’t half bad either.

6.Landslide - Tragedy

Interesting because of the use of the break in this. It’s crisp, clean and includes the last 4 beats in the second bar that weren’t widely used at all as far as we can see. This thing has a serious case of the funk. Epic.

7.The Rebel MC - Wickedest Sound

After his massive hit Street Tough the previous year, the Rebel came back riding the wave of breakbeat culture and this whopper rolls and rolls and rolls. A breakbeat smash hit and a sign of things to come.

8.Radio Babylon · Meat Beat Manifesto (Version Galore)

Bringing in those chugging breaks (later most notable used in Charly by The Prodigy and Papa New Guinea by The Future Sound Of London), this low slung bubbler has all the right ingredients for an early hardcore smash. Ground breaking for 1990 that’s for sure. BABYLON!

9.Sydney Fresh - Feel The Bass (Hot African Mix)

This breaks led tune definitely leans more towards the poppier side of the scene, and interesetingly only seems to have been released across the pond in Italy, Germany and the Netherlands. It was likely available here on import. Included here to show what the Germans were up to at the start of the breakbeat era. Still got the funk though.

10.2 Kilos - Mohamed's Mind

Oh my word. This thing is just mind bending. An infectious chugger that goes deep and hard. But who was Mohamed?

11.The Rebel MC - Comin' On Strong (Rum and Black Mix)

Rum & Black AKA Shut Up And Dance absolutely tearing it up with this lush Amen roller. With those dreamy pads and ragga vocals, this is an unmistakable jungle prototype.  This is 1994 in a 1991 shell. TOO GOOD!

12.The Dynamic Guv'nors - These Guys Are Doper Than Dope

Coming straight out of the Blapps camp, this belter rolls along exactly the way you’d expect a Blapps Posse production to, and is a great example of that very early ’90s breakbeat sound. Kick Ass.

13.Shades Of Rhythm - Homicide

Woah. Causing absolute carnage in every underground nightspot in the UK and probably a big part of Europe too, this absolute belter rolls and rolls and rolls. Deadly.

14.Tekno Too - Feel The Power

Without trying to sound too biased, we believe that D-Zone really were at the absolute forefront of the emerging hardcore sound, and without them things would surely have been very different. Everything was clean, loud and as hard as nails. 

Even though there were a lot of merging sounds, things were somehow uncluttered and crisp. This label cannot go without credit where credit is due in terms of the proto hardcore/jungle sound. One of the originators. Oh, and the SUB BASSSSSSSSSSS!!

15.The Scientist - The Exorcist

DJ Hype was definitely one of the first of the drum and bass veterans still active today to commit work to vinyl. Kickin’ records were also one of the original and best hardcore labels of the early 90s. 

That combination alone makes this release an absolutely essential track in the history of our music. Slamming breaks, Sheffield bleeps and a highly inventive overall soundscape combine here to create a hardcore breakbeat legend. Proper good!

16.Panic - Last Injection

There are a handful of names in the history of the musical development of the DNB scene whereby if removed, the landscape would have been an entirely different place such was their influence. 

Jack Smooth (AKA Ron Wells) is one of them. His contribution is almost immeasurable, and the amount of tracks he had a hand in producing is simply astounding. 

This fantastic warehouse basher shows us the direction he was taking the sound in even at this very early stage of development. Credited with production duties here alongside Chris Simmonds, this was clearly way ahead of its time. 

The flip to this 12″ credits 14B Hillingdon Hill, Uxbridge, Uxbridge as the home of Wax Factory Records. 

This building is now synonymous with some of the greatest early hardcore tracks ever recorded. Well worth researching if you love your hardcore history, and also worthy of a blue commemorative plaque with no mistake! Dungeon tune.

17.Satin Storm - Can't Take No More

If your definition of jungle is a solid blend of edited or staccato breakbeats and a reggae or reggae inspired bassline (which ours is) then this simply has to be up there with the handful or so of true prototypes from 1990. This speaks for itself in every way possible. Utterly essential when pitched against the majority of other releases of the same year. Bad man tune.

18.Break The Limits Vol 1– Break The Limits

This thing absolutely rolls! This is the early sound of Bay B Kane, who went on to become a hugely influential figurehead in the development of jungle. You can already see he knew where things were heading with this snappy roller. BOSH!

19.4 For Money - Its A Moment In Time - (Rising High Dub)

Before he moved on to form Rising High and became one of the biggest influences in the 90s ambient scene, Casper Pound was busy creating neo jungle masterpieces like this stomping remix of Italo house pearler ‘It’s A Money Thing’. Rocking dancfloors and illegals from Cornwall to Crewe, this thing kicked serious ass.

20.Andromeda - Control (Control of The Dance Floor

A hotch potch of Sheffield bleep, house pads and a thundering break, this is a great example of the more soulful aspect of the breakbeat sound during 1990. A truly contrasting piece of music. NICE!

21.Nomad ft Mikee Freedom - Devotion

There’s a reason this went to number two in the UK charts. It’s blimmin brilliant. Combining a lush mix of 4 to the floor and skipping breaks, this still sounds absolutely mint today. One of the first big chart toppers for the underground rave scene. Lush.

22.Nitrous - Rok Skool

One of the few tracks from this year that uses Amens AND edits them in a junglistic fashion, this simply has to be one of the very first jungle tunes (in stylistic essence at least). Oh, and it’s got Hoovers in it too, with that deadly Dominator hook sloshing through it at the tail end (see our 1991 Belgian techno section!). A sure fire look into the future. AND it’s a very, very early metal crossover! Futurism!

23.Messiah - Prince Of Darkness

With hints of Sheffiled Bleep and a bit of techno to boot, this wikked roller with its bubbling bassline was a surefire jungle precursor. With those lush pads and eerie vocal sample, we’ve loved this since day dot.

24.Genaside 2 - The Sirens Of Acre Lane

Released on white label in 1990 and with all of the key components required for a hardcore choon of epic proportions, including layered beats, that wikked bubbling bassline and a small helping of Ice T, this epitomises 1990 hardcore and was easily one of the very first tracks in that style. Brutal.

25.The Blapps Posse - Don't Hold Back

Aston Harvey on the buttons for this monumental whopper, with overlapping breaks and some heavy sampling edits, this is one of those tracks that definitely paved the way for future engineers with a passion for drum editing. A sure fire proto jungle classic.

26.Subject 13 - Eternity

Vinyl Solution were another label that were right at the forefront of the breakbeat revolution. You can hear that clearly when you lock into this whopper. Mad love to @waybackwhen88 for the tip off on this one! BAAD!

27.Greed - Give Me

Another warehouse rave anthem from D-Zone. Borrowing from a diverse range of artists but with the golden thread of that break keeping things tight from start to finish, this was a certified club banger. Still kicks now.

28.Nightmares on Wax - Aftermath

Warp were one of the most influential techno labels the UK ever produced (if not THE most) and breakbeat wasn't something they really got too involved with, but this classic just hits differently. This is breakbeat from a techno point of view. Highly Inventive.

29.Kicksquad - Sound Clash

DJ Hype back at the desk and listen to this f*cker bounce. This among others was a sonic signpost for the 'only for the headstrong' style of UK hardcore was set to take over the world. An absolute beast.

30. 4 Hero - Mr Kirk's Nightmare

No self respecting track list from 1990 could consider itself genuine if there wasn't mention of Reinforced Records. This label was absolutely vital to the hardcore and jungle scene and spawned so many influential records that words can't really do it justice.

The Dollis Hill crew consisted of all of the essential skill sets in all the right doses and came together to create musical masterpieces that were almost impossible to match. This firecracker was one of a handful of massive choons that helped kickstart the hardcore scene into the beast it soon became. Mr Kirk, your son is dead.

31.Kamikaze - Geneside II - Inbetween Minds Remix

A genuine early hardcore classic and what a monster. No bleeps. No stabs. No gimmicks, just pure beats and pure bass..........and plenty of them. This truly encapsulates the very essence of the early drum and bass movement in 1990. Bad Ass!

32. Panic - Voices Of Energy

Oh jeez. That low slung bassline, church bells and funky Apache just get you grooving! YOOSH!

33.Revelation - Synth It (Bonus Beats)

Straight out of NYC from Belgian techno originator Mundo Muzique and probably bought over here by Frankie Bones, this funky drum work out snaps and pops hard amongst the rest of the tracks in this section.

This tune mirrored perfectly exactly what was going on in the UK at the same time, and is a true drum and bass work out with a lush techno overlay, and if you listen very carefully (around 3.15) you can also hear the very first rumblings of the hoover/belgian techno circa 1991 AND jungle tekno (which we will look at more deeply in 1991) Tuff! And way ahead of its time!

34.Shades of Rhythm - The Exorcist

Found on the flip to the mighty Homicide featured earlier, this was another monumental breakbeat workout that absolutely slayed everything in its path. Make no mistake. SOR were absolutely instrumental in the earliest developmental stages of drum and bass. Killer.

35.The Scientist - The Bee

Yet another DJ Hype related monster. Break this down to its core elements and you have that drum and bass blueprint running deep through the core. Also borrowing from the Sheffield bleep scene and with some hints of techno, this thing SLAYED!

You're probably starting to see why 1990 was really the start of the UK breakbeat movement. That dark energy that consisted of mostly bass and mostly drums was truly starting to become its own musical entity.

This was dwarved somewhat in '91 and '92 by the prevailing sound of UK hardcore, but as we move through those years, we'll stay focused on the bubbling underbelly of drum and bass as a musical style and continue to guide you through the early development of the movement. Stay tuned!